Precautions for the use of subcutaneous products mainly include the following aspects:
Preparation before injection:
Make sure the syringe is sterile, non-toxic, and undamaged, and select the appropriate needle and syringe according to the nature of the drug. It is recommended to use a disposable syringe.
Choose the appropriate type of syringe, such as prefilled injections or use "air lock" technology to ensure the accuracy of the injection dose and prevent drug spillage or extravasation.
Choice of injection site:
Common subcutaneous injection sites include the outer side of the upper arm, abdomen, outer thigh, etc. Injection should be avoided on skin with abnormal conditions such as redness, swelling, nodules, pain, infection, etc., so as not to aggravate the condition or cause poor drug absorption.
The abdominal injection area should be centered on the navel and extend 10 cm to the left and right sides, but avoid the 2 cm range around the navel. Rotate the injection site to avoid local tissue damage and fat atrophy.
Injection operation:
When performing a subcutaneous injection, the skin should be gently lifted to form a small skin fold, and then the needle should be inserted vertically or obliquely at 45 degrees under the skin fold. The injection speed should be moderate to avoid uneven distribution of the drug under the skin due to too fast or too slow injection.
It is recommended to use the skin pinching technique, using the thumb and index finger of the left hand to pinch the patient's skin to form a wrinkle, and keep the skin wrinkle intact during the entire injection process.
After the injection, press the injection site lightly to help drug absorption and reduce local pain.
Observation and treatment after injection:
After the injection, the injection site should be closely observed. If abnormal reactions such as redness, swelling, nodules, and pain occur, local cold compresses and massage can be used to relieve symptoms. If the symptoms continue to worsen, medical treatment should be sought in time.
After the needle is removed, it should be kept for 3-5 seconds to allow the drug solution to basically diffuse, so as to avoid the drug solution backflow when the needle is removed to stimulate the skin capillaries and cause bleeding. Normally, there is no need to press, but if bleeding or exudation occurs at the injection point, it should be pressed vertically downward for 3 to 5 minutes with the puncture point as the center.